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Saturday, September 29, 2012
Gyllenhaal, Pena thrill in End of Watch : The Torch
Photo Credit: dgt1.net
Jake Gyllenhaal stars in the dangerously fast paced thriller End of Watch
AJ Parker, Contributing Writer
September 27, 2012
Filed under Arts & Entertainment, Entertainment, Movies & Television
End of Watch is a cop movie with a dangerously fast pulse. Written and directed by David Ayer, who wrote films like Training Day and SWAT, this action packed movie will keep you at the edge of your seat from beginning to end.
The film takes place in Los Angeles and is about two LAPD cops played by Jake Gyllenhaal and Michael Pe?a. As soon as the film starts you are thrown into the stress filled lives of officers Taylor (Gyllenhaal) and Zavalla (Pe?a) as they race through the streets of Los Angeles in an intense car chase.
Taylor and Zavalla are legends in the amongst their colleagues, known for being tough and getting the job done. They haven?t been on the force for that long but their close partnership and hard work has gotten them a reputation that their co-workers envy. After a few noteworthy arrests they gain the attention of a Mexican Cartel and find themselves skating on thin ice as they try to find out what?s really going on in the streets of South Central, Los Angeles.
The film is shot as if the footage was taken from the characters themselves. When the other cops at the police station ask what Taylor is doing with the camera, he tells them it is a project for school. At times this technique of using the point of view of the characters is really exciting and well put together. However, there are times when you feel like you might get motion sickness.
There are also scenes in the movie where it is rather obvious that a third person is filming, but it doesn?t take too much of the thrill away. Coincidentally, the bad guys are also rolling around with a video camera, which seems silly and unrealistic but still manages to give the audience an interesting point of view.
While End of Watch is an action movie at heart, it has many elements of a drama and quite a few scenes that will make you laugh. As soon as the characters are introduced, you become attached to them, which makes it even more nerve wracking to watch the scenes where they risk their lives.
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Follow the Torch on Twitter: @STJTorch
What really keeps your attention on the screen is how the point of view filming puts you right in the middle of the action. You feel as if you?re sitting in the squad car. When the officers leave the car for a traffic stop, you?re right behind them. The action scenes really get your adrenaline pumping and you might have to take a breath or two when they?re finished.
At the end of the day, you really can?t go wrong with this movie. It reaches many audiences because of the various genre elements that it contains. It?ll make you laugh, cringe and almost want to cry. The plot is full of twists and turns that will keep you guessing throughout the movie. I would recommend it to anyone who can put up with bad language and violence, sorry Grandma.
Source: http://www.torchonline.com/entertainment/2012/09/27/2223347/
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Netanyahu warns it's 'very late' to stop a nuclear Iran
UNITED NATIONS (AP) ? Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned Thursday that Iran will have enough enriched uranium to make a nuclear bomb by next summer and urged the world the draw a clear "red line" to stop it in its tracks.
Flashing a diagram showing the progress Iran has made, he said it was getting "late, very late" to stop Iran.
"Red lines don't lead to war, red lines prevent war," he said. "Nothing could imperil the world more than a nuclear-armed Iran."
Netanyahu said Iran had completed the first stage of uranium enrichment.
"Iran is 70 percent of the way there and ... well into the second stage. By next summer, at current enrichment rates, they will have finished the medium enrichment and move on to the final stage," Netanyahu said. "From there it is only a few more weeks before they have enriched enough for a bomb."
Netanyahu has repeatedly argued that time is running out to stop the Islamic Republic from becoming a nuclear power and the threat of force must be seriously considered.
"I believe that faced with a clear red line, Iran will back down ? and it will give more time for sanctions and diplomacy," the Israeli prime minister said.
Israeli leaders have issued a series of warnings in recent weeks suggesting that if Iran's uranium enrichment program continues it may soon stage a unilateral military strike, flouting even American wishes.
The Obama administration has urgently sought to hold off Israeli military action, which would likely result in the U.S. being pulled into a conflict and cause region-wide mayhem on the eve of American elections.
Israel considers a nuclear-armed Iran to be an existential threat, citing Iranian denials of the Holocaust, its calls for Israel's destruction, its development of missiles capable of striking the Jewish state and its support for hostile Arab militant groups.
"Given this record of Iranian aggression without nuclear weapons, just imagine Iranian aggression with nuclear weapons," Netanyahu said.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/netanyahu-says-world-must-draw-red-line-iran-183329844.html
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Thursday, September 27, 2012
FCC Chairman Hearts Uber, Even If He Can?t Help
"There?s a debate right now in Washington about rules that could discourage the innovative on-demand car service company, Uber. Not hard to guess which side I?m on ? I?m on the side of innovation," said Federal Communications Commission Chairman, Julius Genachowski, in an unusual show of political support for an issue he has no authority over. The move shows the growing opposition to DC's taxi union which is continuing its yet unsuccessful bid to regulate the popular on-demand cab service,?after a very public online protest shut down the union's first attempt earlier in the summer.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/1HMSs5uaov0/
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Ahmadinejad blasts West for 'trampling' on rights of others
Ahmadinejad speaks at U.N. headquarters in New York, Sept. 26, 2012. (Mike Segar/Reuters)
Amid warnings from other world leaders--and planned protests outside--Mahmoud Ahmadinejad addressed the United Nations General Assembly on Wednesday, his last speech in front of the world body as president of Iran.
The outspoken Iranian leader called for a "new world order," criticizing capitalism and the United States and Europe for "trampling on the rights of others" and contributing to global poverty and humanitarian failures.
"The history of mankind is marked with failures," Ahmadinejad said in a speech that was not attended by the U.S. delegation in protest.
Ahmadinejad ticked off a long list of those failures--including environmental atrocities, the killing of "millions of innocent people" in U.S.-led wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the "throwing of [Osama bin Laden's] body into the sea" without witnesses and "Zionist"-led world media--before lamenting "how beautiful and pleasant our lives and the history of mankind would have been" without them.
"Poverty is on the rise, and the gap is widening between the rich and the poor," Ahmadinejad said, blaming the "current world order, founded on materialism, that aims to monopolize power, wealth, science and technology for a limited group."
"There is no doubt that the world is in need of a new order and fresh thinking," he said. "An order that aims to revive human dignity and believes in peace and welfare for all walks of life."
"Do people that spend hundreds of millions on election campaigns have the interests of people of the world at heart?" he asked.
[Slideshow: Images from the U.N. General Assembly]
Ahmadinejad's speech came a day after President Barack Obama issued a stern warning to Iran over its nuclear program.
"Make no mistake," the president said. "A nuclear-armed Iran is not a challenge that can be contained. It would threaten the elimination of Israel, the security of Gulf nations and the stability of the global economy."
On Tuesday, Ahmadinejad scoffed at the notion of an Iranian nuclear build-up.
"A nuclear weapon? For what? For what purpose?" Ahmadinejad he said in an interview with the Associated Press. "Why would we do that? What would we use it for?"
The leader of Iran--who refuses to refer to Israel by name--also dismissed talk of a U.S. or Israeli military strike on Tehran's nuclear facilities, Agence-France Press said.
"Uncultured Zionists that threaten the Iranian nation today are never counted and are never paid any attention in the equations of the Iranian nation," Ahmadinejad said earlier this week.
Demonstrators who have been protesting this week outside the hotel where Ahmadinejad is staying were expected to be outside the U.N. while he spoke.
In a statement issued before Ahmadinejad's speech, Erin Pelton, spokeswoman for the U.S. Mission to the United Nations, said: "Over the past couple of days, we've seen Mr. Ahmadinejad once again use his trip to the U.N. not to address the legitimate aspirations of the Iranian people but to instead spout paranoid theories and repulsive slurs against Israel."
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/ahmadinejad-u-n-assembly-speech-video-155849849.html
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Wednesday, September 26, 2012
Retiring Sen. Snowe of Maine plans book for 2013
NEW YORK (AP) ? Sen. Olympia Snowe plans a few words about politics even after leaving office.
The Maine Republican, who has cited Washington's partisan atmosphere as the reason she is stepping down this year, has a deal with Weinstein Books for a publication due out in the spring. Weinstein is billing the book, currently untitled, as a "memoir and call to action."
"The point is that elected officials have a responsibility to take on the issues that are confronting the nation," Snowe, who plans to work on her book with a collaborator, said Monday during a brief telephone interview.
Snowe and fellow Maine Sen. Susan Collins have long been moderate Republicans, an increasingly marginalized part of the party. Snowe, a consistent vote-winner for decades, shocked Maine's political establishment in February when she announced she would not seek re-election after three terms. She said at the time that the "sensible center has now virtually disappeared."
During the interview Monday, the 65-year-old Snowe listed several reasons for her unhappiness with Washington, from the influence of money to the growing trend of politicians appealing to their "base" and not to the broader public.
"We are constantly mired in ideological/philosophical debates with no solution," she said.
Her choice of publishers is an example of working with the other party. Weinstein Books' Harvey Weinstein is not just an Oscar-winning film producer, but a prominent Democrat. Snowe said she was grateful to Weinstein for his "strong interest" in the book and in "having this voice heard, this voice of practicality."
"Senator Snowe's core message ? that bipartisan cooperation is critical to effective government ? is equally true of book publishing," Weinstein said in a statement. "This is a book that should be read by all Americans, whether liberal or conservative."
For her book, Snowe was represented by Washington attorney Robert Barnett, a Democrat with his own bipartisan history. Barnett's clients include such top Democrats as President Barack Obama and former President Bill Clinton and such top Republicans as former President George W. Bush and former Vice President Dick Cheney.
Financial terms for the book were not disclosed. According to Weinstein Books, Snowe will share her "family story as the daughter of a Greek immigrant and first generation American, and being orphaned at the age of 9 and widowed at age 26, tragedies that influenced her approach to public service and formed her philosophy.
"Additionally, it (her book) will include her insider's accounts of her legislative experiences with some of the monumental issues and key political figures of the last 30 ? the 2008 economic crisis, health care reform, and the debt ceiling among them."
Weinstein Books is a partnership with the Perseus Books Group and part of the multimedia Weinstein Company co-founded by brothers Harvey and Bob Weinstein.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/retiring-sen-snowe-maine-plans-book-2013-220526402.html
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Match Details :
Competition: Capital One Cup
Date: Tuesday,25 September 2012
Kick Off Time : 19:45 PM
Status: Live / Repeat
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Source: http://darien.patch.com/events/2-man-city-vs-aston-villa-live
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Willie Nelson pens new memoir for release Nov. 13
FILE - This Sept. 22, 2012, file photo shows country music legend Willie Nelson performing during the Farm Aid 2012 concert at Hersheypark Stadium in Hershey, Pa. Nelson will release ?Roll Me Up And Smoke Me When I Die? on Nov. 13. Publisher William Morrow says the American music icon will tell never-before-heard stories about his life, family, music, politics, Texas, religion and favorite recreational activity. (AP Photo/Jacqueline Larma, File)
FILE - This Sept. 22, 2012, file photo shows country music legend Willie Nelson performing during the Farm Aid 2012 concert at Hersheypark Stadium in Hershey, Pa. Nelson will release ?Roll Me Up And Smoke Me When I Die? on Nov. 13. Publisher William Morrow says the American music icon will tell never-before-heard stories about his life, family, music, politics, Texas, religion and favorite recreational activity. (AP Photo/Jacqueline Larma, File)
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) ? Willie Nelson has proven to be one of America's most prolific songwriters. Turns out he's no slouch when it comes to memoirs, either: He has a new one due in November.
Nelson will release "Roll Me Up And Smoke Me When I Die" on Nov. 13. Publisher William Morrow says the American music icon will tell never-before-heard stories about his life, family, music, politics, Texas, religion and favorite recreational activity.
A news release says the book will include contributions from family and friends, artwork by his son Micah and a forward by author, musician and friend Kinky Friedman.
Nelson has published a number of books on several topics since his first autobiography in 1988.
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Online:
http://willienelson.com
___
For the latest country music news from the Associated Press: http://twitter.com/AP_Country.
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Tuesday, September 25, 2012
Deckers shares fall on analyst report
Deckers Outdoor Corp.'s shares fell Tuesday after a Sterne Agree analyst lowered his earnings estimates and price target on the shoe and clothing company.
THE SPARK: Analyst Sam Poser said that the company's Ugg brand is at risk. Recent industry data shows that sales of the iconic boot brand fell sharply in July and August as compared with last year. He also noted that the company has started selling its products at lower-end stores than it traditionally used and said that does not bode well for the brand.
THE BIG PICTURE: The Ugg brand has been an area of concern for some time. Its boots were once the must-have item but some analysts and investors worry that the brand is losing its cache.
Poser said the company's sales at high-end retailers such as Nordstrom's is down, possibly at lower levels than a recent industry report would indicate. Additionally, he said that the company has been selling its once coveted product at "schlocky retailers" such as The City Streets chain in New York.
This is not the first time Poser has voiced concerns about the Ugg brand. Earlier this month, he said in a note to investors that the company is discounting its Ugg brand and that he saw this is a troubling sign. The company told retailers that the move was due to changes in sheepskin prices. But it sounded alarms with Poser as the brand's products are rarely discounted or go on sale.
THE ANALYSIS: Poser lowered his 2012 earnings estimates for Deckers to $3.49 per share from $3.97. He also lowered his 2013 estimate to $3.62 from $4.37 per share. Analysts polled by FactSet, on average, are expecting Deckers to earn $4.27 per share for 2012 and $5.09 per share for 2013.
The analyst also lowered his price target on the stock to $32 from $38.
SHARE ACTION: The company's stock price has fallen steadily since 2011. As of Monday's closing price, the company's shares are down 68 percent since October of 2011 when it had a multi-year high of $117.66. Its shares fell another $2.02, or 5.4 percent, to $35.49 in afternoon trading Tuesday.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/deckers-shares-fall-analyst-report-183334043--finance.html
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Internet Marketing Experts Profit Leverage Launches New Website ...
Copenhagen, Denmark (PRWEB) August 29, 2012
Following a very successful expansion of its marketing team two months ago, Profit Leverage launches new website showcasing all marketing services. The online presence of Profit Leverage needed a face-lift to properly reflect who we are what we do said Martin White, CEO of Profit Leverage, adding that Our creative team has done an outstanding job over the summer, and I couldnt be more pleased with the outcome.
Being a full-service internet marketing agency with a very talented creative team, we had to give it absolutely everything and exceed expectations said Dakota Williams, Creative Lead of Profit Leverage, adding that Everyone involved really feels they have more than delivered, and quite honestly we cant wait to hear the feedback from our customers.
The marketing team behind Profit Leverage has many years of experience in online marketing. Looking at our marketing team, we all have between 7 and 15 years experience in online marketing said Martin White, adding that The same goes for our creative team, they are highly talented.
The need for Internet marketing is only going in one direction according to the CEO: Internet marketing is without question the most cost-effective way to market any business. A business that is not leveraging the power of internet marketing to grow their business is definitely missing out.
Profit Leverage offers many different services tailored for each client, such as:
Source: http://freereleasepress.com/internet-marketing-experts-profit-leverage-launches-new-website/
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Monday, September 24, 2012
California makes it easier to obtain birth control
By Eric W. Dolan
Sunday, September 23, 2012 13:34 EDT
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California Gov. Jerry Brown (D) on Saturday signed into law a bill that makes it easier for women to obtain hormonal contraceptives.
?At a time when some seek to turn back the clock and restrict women?s health choices, California is expanding access to birth control and reaffirming every woman?s basic Constitutional rights,? Brown said.
The new law allows registered nurses, nurse practitioners and nurse-midwives to dispense and administer hormonal contraceptives after performing an assessment. The law will increase access to birth control for thousands of women in California, according to California Women?s Law Center. Women will no longer have to make an appointment with a doctor to get birth control pills.
?Having AB 2348 signed into law is the culmination of our hard-fought effort to expand access to birth control for women who need it,? Democratic Assemblymember Holly Mitchell of Los Angeles, who introduced the legislation, said. ?Today, women who would not have otherwise had access to hormonal contraceptives can declare a victory.?
[Woman holding birth control pills via Shutterstock]
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Source: http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2012/09/23/california-makes-it-easier-to-obtain-birth-control/
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3 Necessary Tools for the High Rolling Affiliate Marketer | Free ...
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What does it take to become a successful Affiliate Marketer?
What are the ingredients of an affiliate marketing success story?
Is there a shortcut to Affiliate Marketing glory?
All these questions play around in the minds of affiliate marketers who want to make it big in this business.
Although affiliate marketing is touted as one of the easiest and most effective ways to earn money online, it is not as easy as it sounds. The wise affiliate marketer plans every action and executes it the best way he can. He should also maximize the potential to earn by utilizing the right tools necessary for a successful Affiliate Marketing business.
We have consulted some of the most successful affiliate marketers in the business and below are the top three necessary tools for a successful affiliate marketing business.
Important Tool #1: Your Own Website
The most important and indispensable tool in Affiliate Marketing is your own website. The first step in any successful affiliate marketing business is building a good, credible and professional looking website.
Your website is the jump off point of all your marketing efforts. Thus, you must first build a user-friendly website, which will appeal to your prospects and encourage them to click on the links to the products and service you are promoting and make a purchase. Therefore, you must first concentrate your efforts in building a website that will cater to what your prospects need.
The most important thing you should consider is that almost all web users go online to look for information, not necessarily to go and buy something. Above all else, make your website full of original, relevant and useful content.
People will love articles that are appealing and helpful. Keep in mind that, in the internet, content is still king and good quality content will not only build your credibility, it can also help you achieve a higher search engine ranking.
By posting relevant and useful articles, you establish yourself as a credible expert in the field, making you a more trustworthy endorser of the product or service you promote. Establishing a good reputation is a good step in building up a loyal consumer base.
Important Tool #2: Incentives
Competition is extremely tight in the internet world. You must always be one-step ahead of your rivals to ensure that you capture a significant share of your target market.
Therefore, you must use every possible means to encourage people not only to visit your site but also to click and proceed to the websites of the products and services you are promoting.
Building an opt-in email list is one of the best ways to gather prospects. Offer a newsletter or an e-zine. Better yet, offer incentives to your prospects to encourage them to subscribe to your newsletters. You can present free softwares, access to exclusive services and other freebies that will be helpful to your prospects.
Important Tool #3: Link Popularity
The importance of driving highly targeted traffic to your website cannot be emphasized enough. The all-important web traffic is at the top of the list of the most important entities in the internet world.
Attracting people to your site should be the first step you should carry out. Do everything to achieve a high search engine ranking. Link Popularity is one of the factors that search engines use to determine search engine rankings. Therefore, to enhance your link popularity, you must launch an aggressive reciprocal link campaign.
One of the best ways to do this ? at no cost at all ? is by submitting articles, with your website?s link at the resource box, to e-zines and free article sites. You will not only gain exposure, you will also have the opportunity to advertise for free, just include a link back to your site.
The more sites you submit your articles to, the better your link popularity is. Make your articles original, relevant and useful so that more websites will pick it up and post it.
These are but three of the many tools that an affiliate marketer can use to maximize earning potential. The possibilities are endless and are limited only by your imagination, creativity, resourcefulness and determination.
You can always explore other ideas and adapt other strategies, which you think might help you become a high rolling affiliate marketer.
However, the most important factor is that you need to have a website that will not disappear from the search engine listings.
Click here to find out how to stop that from happening:
http://tinyurl.com/923vcue
Source: http://www.emmareviewblogs.com/3-necessary-tools-for-the-high-rolling-affiliate-marketer/
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City seeks applicants for 2013 community grants
| name | Spokane |
|---|---|
| settlement type | City |
| official name | City of Spokane |
| nickname | The Lilac City |
| motto | Near Nature. Near Perfect. |
| blank emblem type | Logo |
| map caption | Location of Spokane inSpokane County and Washington |
| coordinates region | US-WA |
| subdivision type | Country |
| subdivision type1 | State |
| subdivision type2 | County |
| subdivision name | United States |
| subdivision name1 | Washington |
| subdivision name2 | Spokane |
| established title | Incorporated |
| established date | November 29, 1881 |
| government type | Mayor-Council |
| leader title | Mayor |
| leader name | David Condon (R) |
| established title | Founded |
| established date | 1871 |
| established title2 | Incorporated |
| established date2 | November 29, 1881 |
| unit pref | US |
| area magnitude | 1 E8 |
| area total km2 | 151.6 |
| area land km2 | 149.6 |
| area water km2 | 2.0 |
| area total sq mi | 57.8 |
| area land sq mi | 56.8 |
| area water sq mi | 0.8 |
| area water percent | 1.3 |
| population as of | 2010 |
| population note | city metro |
| population total | 208,916 (US: 100th) |
| population metro | 609,715 (Combined) |
| population density km2 | 1307.7 |
| population density sq mi | 3387.0 |
| population demonym | Spokanite |
| timezone | PST |
| utc offset | -8 |
| timezone dst | PDT |
| utc offset dst | -7 |
| area code | 509 |
| elevation m | 562 |
| elevation ft | 1843 |
| postal code type | ZIP codes |
| postal code | |
| area code | 509 |
| website | www.spokanecity.org |
| blank name | FIPS code |
| blank info | 53-67000 |
| blank1 name | GNIS feature ID |
| blank1 info | 1512683 |
| footnotes | }} |
David Thompson explored the Spokane area and began European settlement with the westward expansion and establishment of the North West Company's Spokane House in 1810. This trading post was the first long-term European settlement in Washington and the center of the fur trade between the Rockies and the Cascades for 16 years. In the late 19th century, gold and silver were discovered in the Inland Northwest. The Spokane area is considered to be one of the most productive mining districts in North America. Spokane's economy has traditionally been based on natural resources, being a center for mining, timber, and agriculture; however, the city's economy has diversified to include other industries, including the high-tech and biotech sectors. Spokane is known as the birthplace of Father's Day, hosted the first environmentally themed World's Fair, Expo '74, and is home to Gonzaga University and Whitworth University.
The city of Spokane (then known as "Spokan Falls") was settled in 1871 and officially incorporated as a city in 1881. The city's name is drawn from the Native American tribe known as the Spokane, which means "Children of the Sun" in Salishan. Spokane's official nickname is the "Lilac City", named after the flowers that have flourished since their introduction to the area in the early 20th century. Completion of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1881 brought major settlement to the Spokane area.
With a population of 208,916, according to the 2010 Census, Spokane is the second largest city in Washington, and the third largest in the American portion of the Pacific Northwest, behind Seattle, and Portland, Oregon, and is the 100th largest city in the United States. Spokane is the principal city of the Spokane Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is coterminous with Spokane County. As of 2010, the county had a population of 471,221. The most recent population figures from the U.S. Census of 2010 show the Spokane, Wa./Coeurd'Alene, Id. Metropolitan area to have 609,000 residents.
History
The first humans to live in the Spokane area arrived between twelve and eight thousand years ago and were hunter-gatherer societies that lived off the plentiful game in the area. The Spokane tribe, after which the city is named, are believed to be either direct descendants of the original hunter-gatherers that settled in the region, or descendants of tribes from the Great Plains. When asked by early white explorers, the tribe said their ancestors came from "up North". Early in the 19th century, the Northwest Fur Company sent two white fur trappers west of the Rocky Mountains to search for fur. The trappers became the first two white men met by the Spokane tribe, who believed them to be Sama, or sacred, and set the trappers up in the Colville River valley for the winter.
Trading post
The Inland Northwest was first explored by explorer-geographer David Thompson, working as head of the North West Company's Columbia Department. Crossing what is now the U.S.?Canadian border from British Columbia, Thompson wanted to expand the North West Company further south in search of furs, primarily beaver. After establishing the Kullyspell House and Saleesh House trading posts in what is now Idaho and Montana, Thompson wanted to expand further west. In 1810, Thompson sent out trappers, Jacques Raphael Finlay and Finan McDonald to the Spokane River to build a trading post in eastern Washington that would exchange with the local Spokane and Colville Indians.At the confluence of the Little Spokane and Spokane, Finlay and McDonald built a new fur trading post, which was the first long-term European settlement in Washington state. This trading post known as the Spokane House, or simply "Spokane", was in operation from 1810 to 1826. The Spokane House, operated by the British North West Company and, later, the Hudson's Bay Company, was the center of the fur trade between the Rockies and the Cascades for 16 years. When the Hudson's Bay Company absorbed the North West Company in 1821, operations at the Spokane House eventually shifted to Fort Colville; afterward the company still remained active near Spokane.
American settlement
Joint American?British occupation of Oregon Country, in effect since the Treaty of 1818, eventually led to the Oregon Boundary Dispute as large influxes of American settlers began arriving by the Oregon Trail. The first American settlers in the present-day city, squatters J.J. Downing and S.R. Scranton, built a cabin and established a claim at Spokane Falls in 1871. Together they built a small sawmill on a claim near the south bank of the Spokane Falls. James N. Glover and Jasper Matheney, Oregonians passing through the region in 1873, recognized the value of the Spokane River and its falls. They realized the investment potential and bought the claims of and the sawmill from Downing and Scranton for a total of $4,000. Glover and Matheney knew that the Northern Pacific Railroad Company had received a government charter to build a main line across this northern route. Glover later became known as the "Father of Spokane".In 1880, Fort Spokane was established by U.S. Army troops under Lt. Col. Henry Clay Merriam northwest of Spokane at the junction of the Columbia and Spokane Rivers to protect the construction of the Northern Pacific Railway and secure a place for U.S. settlement. By 1881, the Northern Pacific Railway was completed, bringing major European settlement to the area. The city of Spokan Falls (the "e" was added in 1883 and "Falls" dropped in 1891) was officially incorporated as a city of about 1,000?residents on November 29, 1881. The city's population ballooned to 19,922 in 1890, and 36,848 in 1900 with the arrival of the railroads. By 1910, the population hit 104,000 and Spokane eclipsed Walla Walla as the commercial center of the Inland Northwest.
After the 1883 discovery of gold, silver, and lead in the in the Coeur d'Alene region of northern Idaho, this precipitated a rush of prospectors into the region. The Inland Empire erupted with numerous mining rushes from 1883 to the late 19th century. Mining emerged as a major stimulus to Spokane. At the onset of the initial 1883 gold rush near Coeur d'Alene, Spokane became the outfitter of choice among prospectors due to the areas proximity, lower prices, and convenience of being able to obtain everything "from a horse to a frying pan". It would keep this status for subsequent rushes in the region due to its' trade center status and accessibility to railroad infrastructure.
Spokane's growth continued unabated until August 4, 1889, when a fire, now known as The Great Fire, began shortly after 6:00?p.m. and destroyed the city's downtown commercial district. Due to technical problems with a pump station, there was no water pressure in the city when the fire started. In an effort to starve the fire, firefighters began demolishing buildings with dynamite. Eventually winds died down and the fire exhausted of its own accord. In the fires' aftermath, 32?blocks of Spokane's downtown were destroyed and one person was killed.
While the damage caused by the fire was a devastating blow, Spokane continued to grow; the fire set the stage for a dramatic building boom. After The Great Fire of 1889 and the rebuilding of the downtown, the city was reincorporated under the present name of "Spokane" in 1891. Just three years after the fire, in 1892, James J. Hill's Great Northern Railway had arrived in the newly created township of Hillyard (annexed by Spokane in 1924)?the chosen site for Hill's rail yards. The railroads in Spokane made it a transportation hub for the Inland Northwest region. Spokane became an important rail and shipping center because of its location between mining (particularly Idaho's Silver Valley) and farming areas. After the arrival of the Northern Pacific, the Union Pacific, Great Northern, and Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific railroads, Spokane became one of the most important rail centers in the western United States.
20th century
The expansion and growth of Spokane abruptly stopped in the 1910s and was followed by a period of population decline. Spokane's slowing economy largely contributed to this decline. Control of regional mines and resources became increasingly dominated by national corporations rather than locals, diverting capital outside of Spokane and decreasing growth and investment opportunities in the city.
During this time of stagnation there became unrest among the area's unemployed citizens, who became victimized by "job sharks" who swindled men who applied for jobs. Job sharks charged a fee for signing up workers in the logging camps and employment agencies were known to cheat itinerant workers, with bribes sometimes paid to periodically fire entire work crews, generating repetitive fees. It is around this time in Spokane that the first of many nation-wide free speech fights conducted by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or "Wobblies" had begun, spread, and garnered national attention. In 1908, the IWW launched a campaign led by James H. Walsh with the slogan "Don't Buy Jobs" in the streets around the Spokane employment agencies. More IWW union members from all over the West soon arrived to participate in what was becoming a publicity venture. Within a few weeks the jails were overflowing from those violating the ordinance prohibiting soapboxing. Among those jailed was feminist labor leader Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, who published an account in the local Industrial Worker of her experiences in a Spokane jail.
After mining declined at the turn of the 20th century, agriculture and logging became the primary influences in the Spokane economy. The population explosion and the building of homes, railroads, and mines in northern Idaho and southern British Columbia fueled the industry. Although overshadowed in importance by the vast timbered areas on the coastal regions west of the Cascades, and burdened with cumbersome rail freight rates and stiff competition, Spokane became a noted leader in the manufacture of doors, sash, blinds, and other planing mill products. The oppressive rail freight rates were much higher in Spokane than the rates in coastal cities such as Seattle and Portland, so much so that merchants in Minneapolis could ship goods first to Seattle and then back to Spokane for less than to ship directly to Spokane, even though the rail line ran through Spokane on the way to the coast. The 1920s and 1930s saw the similar, but less drastic slow growth of the prior decade. The Inland Northwest region was heavily dependent on extractive products produced from farms, forests, and mines which experienced a fall in demand. Spokane's situation improved with the start of World War II as aluminum production was initiated in Spokane due to the area's inexpensive electricity and the increased demand for airplanes.
After decades of stagnation and slow growth, Spokane businessmen formed Spokane Unlimited, an organization that sought to revitalize downtown Spokane. A recreation park showcasing the Spokane falls was the preferred option, and after the successful negotiation to relocate the railroad facilities on Havermale Island, this allowed the proposal of hosting a world's fair to be realized. Spokane hosted the first environmentally themed World's Fair in Expo '74 on May 4, becoming the smallest city yet to host a World's Fair. This event transformed Spokane's downtown, removing a century of railroad industry that built the city and reinvented the urban core. After Expo '74, the fairgrounds became the Riverfront Park. The late 1970s was a period of growth for Spokane.
The success seen in the late 1970s and early 1980s once again was interrupted by another U.S. recession in which silver, timber, and farm prices dropped. Although a tough period, Spokane's economy had begun to benefit from economic diversification, being the home to growing companies such as Key Tronic and having research, marketing, and assembly plants for other technology companies helped lessen Spokane's dependency on natural resources.
21st century
In the new century, Spokane is still reinventing itself to a more service-oriented economy in the face of a less prominent manufacturing sector. Developing the city's strength in the medical and health sciences fields has been promising, resulting in the expansion of the University District with a medical school. Although the city faces challenges such as relatively low wages, pockets of poverty, and a sense of doubt regarding aspects of city government, there is an air of optimism for the city's future.
The city has experienced renewed growth since the opening of the River Park Square Mall, initiating a major downtown rebirth that included the building of the Spokane Arena and expansion of the Spokane Convention Center. Other major projects include the building of the Big Easy concert house (now the Knitting Factory), renovation of the historic Montvale Hotel, the Kirtland Cutter-designed Davenport Hotel (after being vacant for over 20?years), and the Fox Theater (now home to the Spokane Symphony). The Kendall Yards development on the west side of downtown Spokane is one of the largest construction projects in the city's history. This new "urban village" directly across the Spokane River from downtown will blend residential and retail space with plazas and walking trails.
Geography
Topography
Spokane is located on the Spokane River in Eastern Washington, near the eastern border of Washington, about from Idaho, south of the Canadian border and east of Seattle, and southwest of Calgary. The city lies at the geographical co-ordinates of 47.39 North latitude and 117.25 West longitude. Spokane is part of the Inland Northwest region (long known as the Inland Empire), consisting of eastern Washington, northern Idaho, northwestern Montana, and northeastern Oregon. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, is land and is water.Spokane lies in the Columbia Plateau ecoregion on the eastern edge of the basaltic Channeled Scablands steppe, a plain that then eventually rises sharply to the east towards the rugged, timbered Rocky Mountain foothills, the Selkirk Mountains. It is in a transition area between the barren landscape of the Columbia Basin and the coniferous forests to the east; to the south are the lush prairies of the Palouse.. The highest peak in Spokane County is Mount Spokane at an elevation of , located on the eastern side of the Selkirk Mountains. The most prominent water feature in the area is the Spokane River, a tributary of the Columbia River, originating from Lake Coeur d'Alene in northern Idaho. The river flows west across the Washington state line through downtown Spokane, meeting Latah Creek, then turns to the northwest where it is joined by the Little Spokane River on its way to join the Columbia River, north of Davenport. Many of the area's numerous large lakes such as Lake Coeur d'Alene and Lake Pend Oreille as well as the Channeled Scablands were formed by the Missoula Floods after the ice-dammed Glacial Lake Missoula ruptured at the end of the last ice age.
Spokane is at an elevation of above sea level. The lowest elevation in the city of Spokane is the northernmost point of the Spokane River within city limits (in Riverside State Park) at and the highest elevation is on the northeast side near the community of Hillyard, though closer to Beacon Hill and the North Hill Reservoir at .
Climate
Spokane's climate is near a humid continental climate (K?ppen Dsb), a rare climate due to its elevation and significant winter precipitation, precluding a semi-arid climate classification. However, it is considered a Mediterranean climate (K?ppen Csb) because the average temperature for the coldest month at Spokane airport is just over . The area is typified by a very warm, arid climate during the summer months and a cold, snowy, and moist climate in the winter. Both summer and winter are the predominant seasons, as spring and fall constitute a rapid transition. On average, July and August are equally warm, and the coolest month is December. Daily temperature ranges are large during the summer, approaching, and often exceeding , and small during the winter, with a range just above . December, the coldest month, averages , while July, the warmest month, averages . Extremes range from to , but temperatures of more than and less than are rare, though on average, temperatures above occur on 19 days and below on 3.5 days annually.Because of Spokane's location between the Cascade Mountains to the west and Rocky Mountains to the east and north, the city is protected from weather patterns experienced in other parts of the Pacific Northwest. The Cascade Mountains form a barrier to the eastward flow of moist and relatively mild air from the Pacific Ocean in winter and cool air in summer. As a result of the rain shadow effect of the Cascade Mountains, the Spokane area also has less than half the rainfall of its west side neighbor, Seattle. The average annual precipitation in the Spokane area is , whereas the Seattle area receives annually. The most precipitation occurs in December, and summer is the driest time of the year. The Rocky Mountains shield Spokane from the winter season's cold air masses traveling southward across Canada, sparing the city from the worst effects of Arctic air in winter.
Neighborhoods
Much of Spokane's history is reflected in its large variety of neighborhoods. Neighborhoods range from the Victorian-era style South Hill and Browne's Addition, to the Davenport Arts District of Downtown, to the more contemporary neighborhoods of North Spokane. Spokane's neighborhoods are gaining attention for their history, as illustrated by the city being home to 18 recognized National Register Historical Districts. Division Street splits the city into East and West; Sprague Avenue divides the city into North and South.Some of Spokane's most prominent neighborhoods are the Riverside, Browne's Addition, and Hillyard neighborhoods. The Riverside neighborhood consists primarily of downtown Spokane and is the central business district of Spokane. The neighborhoods south of downtown Spokane are generally known as the South Hill. Downtown Spokane contains many of the cities public facilities, including City Hall, Riverfront Park (site of Expo '74), the Spokane Convention and INB Performing Arts Center, the Spokane Arena as well as the Spokane County Courthouse across the river in the West Central neighborhood. The Monroe Street Bridge, a city icon featured in the city's seal, connects the two areas. To the east of downtown is East Central and the University District and International District and to the west of downtown is one of Spokane's oldest and densest neighborhoods, Browne's Addition. A National Historic District west of Downtown, Browne's Addition was Spokane's first prestigious address, notable for its array of old mansions built by Spokane's early elite in Queen Anne and early Craftsman styles. The area houses the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture. In northeast Spokane, the Hillyard neighborhood came about due to the Great Northern Railway yard. The downtown Hillyard Business District, located on Market Street, became Spokane's first neighborhood to be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Many of the town's houses were built to house railroad workers, many immigrant laborers working in the local yard. Hillyard still caters to new arrivals, becoming a popular home for Spokane's growing Russian, Ukrainian, and Southeast Asian communities.
Walkability
Spokane has an average Walk Score of 54 and is rated "Somewhat Walkable". Suburbanization and urban sprawl has plagued Spokane in past decades despite Washington's use of urban growth boundaries; the city ranks low among major Northwest cities in population density and smart growth. It is a matter of debate whether the completion of the North Spokane Corridor will exacerbate this situation further by increasing mobility.Cityscape
Surrounding communities
Metropolitan area
Spokane is surrounded by many incorporated and unincorporated communities, which make up the suburbs and metropolitan area of Spokane. They include Spokane Valley, Medical Lake, Cheney, Airway Heights, Millwood, Liberty Lake, Mead, and Nine Mile Falls. Directly east of Spokane County is the Coeur d'Alene Metropolitan Statistical Area, composed entirely of Kootenai County, Idaho. Coeur d'Alene anchors the Idaho portion of the agglomeration, which includes Post Falls, Hayden, and Rathdrum.
Demographics
At the 2010 census, there were 208,916?people, 87,714?households, and 47,276?families residing in 94,291?housing units at population density of 3,387?people per square mile (1,307.7/km?). The racial makeup of the city was 86.7%?White, 2.3%?African American, 2.0%?Native American, 2.6%?Asian, 0.6%?Pacific Islander, 0.9% from other races, and 4.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population. 26.5% of the population had a Bachelor's degree or higher.
Of the 81,512?households, 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the city the age distribution of the population shows 24.8% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65?years of age or older. The median age was 35?years. For every 100?females there were 93?males. For every 100?females age 18 and over, there were 89.9?males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,273, and the median income for a family was $41,316. Males had a median income of $31,676 versus $24,833 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,451. About 11.1% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under the age of 18 and 9.6% of those ages 65 and older.
According to the Association of Religion Data Archives' 2000 Metro Area Membership Report, the denominational groups of the Spokane MSA are 43,397?Evangelical Protestant; 32,207?Mainline Protestant; 776?Orthodox; 57,187?Catholic; 17,351?Other; and 267,021?Unclaimed. Spokane, like Washington and the Pacific Northwest region as a whole is part of the Unchurched Belt, a region characterized by low church membership rates and religious participation.
Economy
Spokane became an important rail and shipping center because of its location between mining and farming areas. In the early 1880s, gold and silver were discovered in the Inland Empire; as a regional shipping center, the city furnished supplies to the miners who passed through on their way to mine in the Coeur d'Alene as well as the Colville and Kootenay districts. The area is considered to be one of the most productive mining districts in North America.
Natural resources have historically been the foundation of Spokane's economy, with the mining, logging, and agriculture industries providing much of the regions economic activity. After mining declined, agriculture and logging replaced mining as the primary influence in the economic development of Spokane. Agriculture has always been an important sector to Spokane's economy; the surrounding area, especially to the south, is a productive agricultural region known as the Palouse. This setting supports many vineyards and microbreweries that reside in the Spokane area. By the early 20th century Spokane was primarily a commercial center rather than an industrial center. As the metropolitan center of the Inland Northwest as well as southeastern British Columbia and Alberta, Spokane serves as a commercial, manufacturing, transportation, medical, shopping, and entertainment hub.
In Spokane, wood and food processing, printing and publishing, primary metal refining and fabrication, electrical and computer equipment, and transportation equipment are leaders in the manufacturing sector. Fortune 1000 company, Potlatch Corporation, which operates as a real estate investment trust is headquartered in Spokane. Forestry and agribusiness continue to be important elements in the local economy, but Spokane's economy has diversified to include other industries, including the high-tech and biotech sectors. Genetics company, Signature Genomic Laboratories and technology company, Itron are headquartered in the city. Other companies with head offices in Spokane include Key Tronic, Sterling Bank, and the Red Lion Hotels Corporation. The largest military facility and employer in the area is Fairchild Air Force Base near Airway Heights, where the 92d Air Refueling Wing is stationed.
In 2000, the leading industries in Spokane for the employed population 16?years and older were educational services, health care, and social assistance, 23.8?percent, and retail trade, 12.7?percent. The health care industry is a large and increasingly important industry in Spokane; the city provides specialized care to many patients from the surrounding Inland Northwest and as far north as the Canadian border.
Companies have located or relocated to the Spokane area, drawn by the easy access to raw materials and lower operating costs, such as cheap hydroelectric power. Economic development in the Spokane area primarily focuses on promoting six industries which include manufacturing, aerospace manufacturing, health sciences, information technology, clean technology, and digital media.
Culture
Life in Spokane is heavily influenced by its climate and geographical location. Spokane experiences a four-season climate, and is close in proximity to dozens of lakes and rivers for swimming, boating, rafting, and fishing, as well as mountains for skiing, hiking, biking and sightseeing. Within a short drive from Spokane one could find 76?lakes, 33?golf courses, five ski resorts, as well as five major national parks if you drive further. The Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge south of Cheney is the closest natural reserve and the closest national park is Glacier National Park, approximately a four hour drive away from Spokane.
Spokane is big enough to have many amenities of a larger city, but small enough to support annual events and traditions with a small town atmosphere. Spokane was awarded the All-America City Award by the National Civic League in 1974 and 2004. There are several museums in the city, most notably the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture, a Smithsonian affiliate museum that houses a large collection of Native American artifacts as well as regional and national traveling art exhibits. Located in Browne's Addition amid the mansions of Spokane's late 19th-century "Age of Elegance", the Museum is in a secluded setting a few blocks from the center of downtown.
Arts and theater
Spokane hosts a variety of visual and performing arts scenes. These attractions include a major civic theater as well as several smaller ones, the Spokane Symphony Orchestra, a jazz orchestra, an opera house, and other musical venues. The Metropolitan Performing Arts Center was restored in 1988 and renamed Bing Crosby Theater in honor of Spokane native Bing Crosby in 2006.Spokane has a vibrant art scene. Spokane's two main Artwalk dates (the first Friday of February and October) attract large crowds to the art districts. Spokane's main art districts are located in the Davenport District, the Garland Business District, and East Sprague. The Davenport District is also home to many art galleries as well as some of Spokane's main performing arts venues. The First Friday Artwalk, which occurs the first Friday of every month, is dedicated to local vendors and performers displaying art around Downtown.
Spokane offers an array of musical performances catering to a variety of interests. Spokane's local music scene however, is considered somewhat lacking by some, critics have identified a need for a legitimate all-ages venue for music performances. The Spokane Symphony presents a full season of classical music, and the Spokane Jazz Orchestra, a full season of jazz music. The Spokane Jazz Orchestra is a non-profit organization formed in 1962 that claims to be the nation's oldest, continually performing, professional, and community-supported 17-piece big band.
Theater is provided by Spokane's only resident professional company, Interplayers Ensemble. Theater is also provided by Spokane Civic Theatre and several amateur community theaters and smaller groups. The Fox Theater, which has been restored to its original 1931 Art Deco state, is the home of the Spokane Symphony.
Parks and recreation
The Spokane area offers an abundance of outdoor activities that can be enjoyed in outlying natural areas that may cater to a variety of interests. In 1907, Spokane's board of park commissioners retained the services of the Olmsted Brothers to draw up a plan for Spokane's parks. Much of Spokane's park land was acquired by the city prior to World War I, establishing the city early on as a leader among Western cities in the development of a city-wide park system. Today, Spokane has a system of over 87 parks totaling . This system includes six neighborhood aquatic centers. Some of the most notable parks in Spokane's extensive park system are Riverfront Park, Manito Park and Botanical Gardens, Riverside State Park, Mount Spokane State Park, Saint Michael's Mission State Park, John A. Finch Arboretum, and the Dishman Hills Conservation Area.Riverfront Park, created after Expo '74 and occupying the same site, is in downtown Spokane and the site of some of Spokane's largest events. The park has views of the Spokane Falls, and holds a number of civic attractions, including a Skyride that is a rebuilt gondola that carries visitors across the falls from high above the river gorge, a 5-story IMAX theater, and a small amusement park (which is converted into an ice-skating rink during the winter months). The park is host to a full schedule of family entertainment and events such as the Bloomsday Post-Race Celebration, Hoopfest, First Night Spokane, and outdoor concerts and other community activities. The park also includes the hand-carved Riverfront Park Looff carousel created in 1909 by Charles I. D. Looff. The carousel still operates in Riverfront Park, where riders can participate in an old-time ring toss. Manito Park and Botanical Gardens, on Spokane's South Hill, has a duck pond, a central conservatory, Duncan Gardens, a classical European Renaissance style garden, and the Nishinomiya Japanese Garden designed by Nagao Sakurai. Riverside State Park, is a park close to downtown that is a popular site for hiking, mountain biking, and rafting.
A more active way to see natural sites in the Spokane area include travelling the Spokane River Centennial Trail, which features over of paved trails running along the Spokane River from Sontag Park in west Spokane to the east shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. This trail continues on for as the North Idaho Centennial Trail in Idaho and is often used for alternative transportation and recreational use. In addition to the park system within the city, there are many natural areas where outdoors activities can be enjoyed close by. In the summer, one may visit Lake Coeur d'Alene, Lake Pend Oreille, or one of the other nearby bodies of water. In the winter, the public has access to five ski resorts within a couple hours of the city. The closest of these is the Mt. Spokane Ski and Snowboard Park, operated by a non-profit organization. Mt. Spokane has trails for cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, and dog sledding.
Events and activities
Spokane is home to annual events and attractions that draw people from the surrounding area. The Lilac Bloomsday Run, held on the first Sunday of each May, is a race for competitive runners as well as walkers that attracts international competition. Also held in the city is Spokane Hoopfest, the largest 3-on-3 basketball tournament in the world. Every year in May, Spokane hosts the Lilac Festival.Other notable events in Spokane include the Spokane Interstate Fair, Spokane Comic Con, and Japan Week. The Spokane Interstate Fair is held annually in September at the Spokane Fair and Expo Center. Japan Week is held in April and celebrates the sister-city relationship with Nishinomiya, Hyogo, demonstrating the many commonalities shared between the two cities. Students from the Spokane campus of Mukogawa Fort Wright Institute, Gonzaga, Whitworth, and other area schools organize an array of Japanese cultural events.
Sports
Spokane's professional sports teams include the Spokane Shock (Arena Football League), Spokane Indians (Northwest League), Spokane Chiefs (Western Hockey League), and the Spokane Shine (Women's Premier Soccer League).Collegiate sports in Spokane focus on the local teams such as the Gonzaga Bulldogs that compete in the West Coast Conference as well as other regional teams including the Washington State Cougars, Eastern Washington Eagles, and the Idaho Vandals.
The Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena is Spokane's premier sports venue. In the years since the Spokane Arena opened, it along with the city of Spokane have played host to several major sporting events. The first major event was the 1998 Memorial Cup, the championship game of the Canadian Hockey League. Four years later in 2002, Spokane hosted the 2002 Skate America figure skating competition. Spokane hosted the 2007 U.S. Figure Skating Championships in the Spokane Arena. The event set an attendance record, selling nearly 155,000?tickets and was later named the "Sports Event of the Year" by Sports Travel Magazine, beating out events such as Super Bowl XLI. Spokane once again hosted the 2010 U.S. Figure Skating Championships?ending eighteen days before the start of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia.
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Media
Spokane is served by a variety of print media. Newspaper service includes its only major daily newspaper, The Spokesman-Review, as well as other more specialized publications including the weekly alternative newspaper, The Pacific Northwest Inlander, the bi-weekly business journal, The Spokane Journal of Business,, the student-run The Gonzaga Bulletin, a monthly newspaper for parents, Kids newspaper, and the monthly GLBT newsmagazine, Q View Northwest. Spokane also has several community magazines such as the monthly paper covering the Garland neighborhood, The Garland Times and Spokane Coeur d'Alene Living, a monthly home and lifestyle magazine.
According to Arbitron, Spokane is the 94th largest radio market in the United States with 526,900?listeners aged 12 and over. Twenty-eight AM and FM radio stations broadcast in Spokane. Spokane has one low power (LPFM) community radio station ? KYRS-LP. KYRS serves the Spokane area with progressive perspectives, providing programming to diverse communities and unserved or under-served groups.
Spokane is the 73rd largest television market in the United States, accounting for 0.372% of the total TV households in the United States. Spokane has six television stations representing the major commercial networks and public television. The city is the television broadcast center for much of eastern Washington (except the Yakima and Tri-Cities area), northern Idaho, northwestern Montana, northeastern Oregon, and parts of Canada (by cable television). Spokane receives broadcasts in the Pacific Time Zone, with weekday prime time beginning at 8?pm. Montana and Alberta, Canada are in the Mountain Time Zone and receive Spokane broadcasts one hour later by their local time. The major network television affiliates include KREM (TV) 2 (CBS), KXLY-TV 4 (ABC), KHQ-TV 6 (NBC) (Spokane's first television station, signing on the air on December 20, 1952), KAYU 28 (FOX), KSPS-TV 7 (PBS), and KCDT-TV 26 (PBS operating out of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho).
Government and politics
The City of Spokane operates under a mayor?council form of government, also referred to as a "strong mayor". Under the strong mayor form of government, there are two distinct branches of government: the executive (mayor) and the legislative (city council). The city council sets the policy direction for the city and has seven members plus the city council president. The mayor, as the chief executive officer for the City of Spokane, is in charge of operating city government and implementing the policies developed by the city council.
In 2011, David Condon was elected mayor of Spokane, taking office on the last business day of the year. The previous mayor was Mary Verner (2007?2011). On December 6, 2005, Verner's predecessor, James "Jim" West was recalled from office after the local newspaper questioned his ethics. The story attracted national attention, and was the subject of a PBS Frontline documentary.
Federally, Spokane is part of Washington's 5th congressional district, represented by Republican Cathy McMorris Rodgers, elected in 2004. The state's senior member of the United States Senate is Democrat Patty Murray, elected in 1992. The state's junior member of the United States Senate is Democrat Maria Cantwell, elected in 2000. The Governor of Washington is Democrat Christine Gregoire, elected in 2004.
The City of Spokane favored Barack Obama over John McCain by 60?percent to 37?percent. Spokane's most prominent politician, former Democratic speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Tom Foley served as a representative of Washington's 5th district for 30 years, enjoying large support from Spokane, until his narrow defeat in the "Republican Revolution" of 1994. This was one of the few times United States voters have turned out a sitting speaker of the House, the first time since the 1860s. The city elected James Everett Chase as its first African-American mayor in 1981, and after his retirement, elected the city's first woman mayor, Vicki McNeil.
Education
Serving the general educational needs of the local population are two public library districts, the Spokane Public Library (within city limits) and the Spokane County Library District. Founded in 1904 with funding from philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, the Spokane Public Library system comprises a downtown library overlooking Spokane Falls and 6 branch libraries. Special collections include Northwest history, genealogy, Washington state, and Spokane County government documents.
Spokane Public Schools (District 81) is the largest public school system in Spokane and the second largest in the state, serving roughly 30,000 students in 5 high schools, 6 middle schools, and 34 elementary schools. Other public school districts in Spokane include the Mead School District. A variety of state-approved private elementary and secondary schools augment the public school system.
Spokane is home to many higher education institutions. They include the private universities, Gonzaga and Whitworth, and the public Community Colleges of Spokane system as well as an ITT Tech and University of Phoenix campus. Gonzaga University and Law School was founded by the Jesuits in 1887. Whitworth was founded in 1890 and is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church. While Spokane is one of the larger cities in the United States to lack a main campus of a state-supported university within its city limits, Eastern Washington University (EWU) and Washington State University (WSU) have operations at the Riverpoint Campus, just adjacent to downtown and across the Spokane River from the Gonzaga campus. Washington State University Spokane is WSU's health sciences campus and houses the school's College of Nursing and College of Pharmacy in addition to a four-year medical school branch in collaboration with the University of Washington. The main EWU campus is located southwest of Spokane in nearby Cheney, and WSU is located to the south in Pullman. An international branch campus of the Mukogawa Women's University, the Mukogawa Fort Wright Institute, is located in Spokane.
Infrastructure
Healthcare
Spokane is the hub for medical services in the Inland Northwest. Six major hospitals are located in Spokane, four of which are full service facilities. The region's healthcare needs are served primarily by non-profit Seattle-based Providence Health & Services and for-profit Tennessee-based Community Health Systems, who run the two biggest hospitals in Spokane, Sacred Heart Medical Center (Spokane), and Deaconess Medical Center, respectively. The two hospitals, along with a majority of Spokane's major health care facilities are located on Spokane's Lower-South Hill, just south of downtown. The close proximity of the hospitals, doctors' offices, and specialized clinics scattered around this area, form what is known as the "Medical District" of Spokane.Other hospitals in the area include the Spokane Veterans Affairs Medical Center in the northwest part of town, Holy Family Hospital on the north side, and Valley Hospital and Medical Center in Spokane Valley. One of the twenty Shriners Hospitals in the United States is also located in Spokane. One of Washington's two state psychiatric hospitals, Eastern State Hospital is located in Medical Lake.
Transportation
Roads and highways
Spokane's streets use a street grid that is oriented to the four cardinal directions. Generally in Spokane, the east-west roads are designated as avenues, and the north?south roads are referred to as streets. Major east?west thoroughfares in the city include Francis, Wellesley, Mission, Sprague, and 29th avenues. Major north?south thoroughfares include Maple?Ash, Monroe, Division, Hamilton, Greene-Market (north of I-90), and Ray-Freya (south of I-90) streets. With over 40,000 vehicles per day Average Daily Traffic from Interstate 90 north to the US 2 ? US 395 junction, North Division is Spokane's busiest corridor.Spokane is primarily served by Interstate 90, which runs east?west from Seattle, through downtown Spokane, and eastward through Spokane Valley, Liberty Lake, and onward to Coeur d'Alene and Missoula. Although they are not limited access highways like I-90, US 2 and US 395 enter Spokane from the west via I-90 and continue north through Spokane via Division St. The two highways share the same route until they reach "The Y", where US 395 continues northward to Deer Park, Colville then onward to Canada, and US 2 branches off to the northeast, continuing to Mead, Newport, and Sandpoint.
Over the past decade, the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) has aggressively improved local highways to keep up with the region's growth and to try to prevent congestion problems that plague many larger cities around the country. The WSDOT is currently constructing the North Spokane Corridor. When completed, the corridor will be a long limited access highway that will run from I-90 in the vicinity of the Thor/Freya interchange northward through Spokane, meeting the existing US 395 just south of Wandermere Golf Course.
Public transportation
Before the influx of automobiles, people got around by using Spokane's streetcar system, the Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad. Many of the older side streets in Spokane still have visible streetcar rails embedded in them, as they were never removed. Streetcar service was reduced due to declining ridership beginning in 1922, and by August 1936, all streetcar lines had been abandoned or converted to motor buses.
Today, mass transportation throughout the Spokane area is provided by the Spokane Transit Authority (STA). STA currently operates approximately 156?buses and has a service area that covers roughly . A large percentage of STA bus routes originate from the central hub, the STA Plaza, in downtown Spokane. Passengers who stop at The Plaza can transfer to virtually any other Spokane Transit route. Talk of constructing a rapid-transit system began in earnest in the late-1990s, with a light rail system being a preferred option to bus rapid transit.
Spokane has rail and bus service provided by Amtrak and Greyhound via the Spokane Intermodal Center. The city is a stop for Amtrak's Empire Builder on its way to and from Chicago's Union Station en route to Seattle and Portland. Through service is a legacy of the old Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway trackage.
Airports
Spokane, eastern Washington and northern Idaho are served by Spokane International Airport at Geiger Field (GEG). Spokane International Airport is the second largest airport in the state of Washington and is recognized by the Federal Aviation Administration as a small hub. The airport is located west of downtown Spokane and is approximately a 10-minute drive away. Spokane International Airport is served by six airlines and two air cargo carriers. The international airport three letter designation is "GEG", a result and legacy of the Geiger Field days prior to 1960, when the airport was named after Army aviator Major Harold Geiger in 1941.Felts Field is a general aviation airport serving the Spokane area and is located in east Spokane along the Spokane River. Felts Field served as Spokane's primary airport until Spokane International Airport was built.
Utilities
The City of Spokane provides municipal water, wastewater management, and solid waste management. Spokane operates Washington's only waste-to-energy plant, as well as two solid waste transfer stations in the Spokane area as part of the Spokane Regional Solid Waste System, a collaboration between the City of Spokane and Spokane County. Electricity generated by the waste-to-energy plant is used to operate the facility with excess energy being sold to Puget Sound Energy. Natural gas and electricity is provided by Avista Utilities, while CenturyLink and Comcast provide television, internet, and telephone service.Sister cities
Nishinomiya, Japan ? since September 1961 L?beck, Germany (1980 - 2000) Jilin, People's Republic of China - since 1987 Makhachkala, Russia (1988 - ???) Limerick, Republic of Ireland - since 1990 Jecheon, South Korea - since 1999
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Category:Spokane, Washington Category:Populated places in Spokane County, Washington Category:Cities in Washington (state) Category:County seats in Washington (state) Category:Hudson's Bay Company trading posts Category:Populated places established in 1871 Category:Superfund sites in Washington (state) Category:1871 establishments in the United States
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